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  8. <title>mod_alias - Apache HTTP Server</title>
  9. <link href="../style/css/manual.css" rel="stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="Main stylesheet" />
  10. <link href="../style/css/manual-loose-100pc.css" rel="alternate stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="No Sidebar - Default font size" />
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  12. <link href="../images/favicon.ico" rel="shortcut icon" /></head>
  13. <body>
  14. <div id="page-header">
  15. <p class="menu"><a href="../mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="../mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="../faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="../glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="../sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p>
  16. <p class="apache">Apache HTTP Server Version 2.0</p>
  17. <img alt="" src="../images/feather.gif" /></div>
  18. <div class="up"><a href="./"><img title="<-" alt="<-" src="../images/left.gif" /></a></div>
  19. <div id="path">
  20. <a href="http://www.apache.org/">Apache</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/">HTTP Server</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs-project/">Documentation</a> > <a href="../">Version 2.0</a> > <a href="./">Modules</a></div>
  21. <div id="page-content">
  22. <div id="preamble"><h1>Apache Module mod_alias</h1>
  23. <div class="toplang">
  24. <p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../en/mod/mod_alias.html" title="English"> en </a> |
  25. <a href="../ja/mod/mod_alias.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese"> ja </a></p>
  26. </div>
  27. <table class="module"><tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Provides for mapping different parts of the host
  28.     filesystem in the document tree and for URL redirection</td></tr>
  29. <tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Base</td></tr>
  30. <tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#ModuleIdentifier">ModuleáIdentifier:</a></th><td>alias_module</td></tr>
  31. <tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#SourceFile">SourceáFile:</a></th><td>mod_alias.c</td></tr></table>
  32. <h3>Summary</h3>
  33.  
  34.     <p>The directives contained in this module allow for manipulation
  35.     and control of URLs as requests arrive at the server. The
  36.     <code class="directive"><a href="#alias">Alias</a></code> and <code class="directive"><a href="#scriptalias">ScriptAlias</a></code> directives are used to
  37.     map between URLs and filesystem paths.  This allows for content
  38.     which is not directly under the <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#documentroot">DocumentRoot</a></code> served as part of the web
  39.     document tree. The <code class="directive"><a href="#scriptalias">ScriptAlias</a></code> directive has the
  40.     additional effect of marking the target directory as containing
  41.     only CGI scripts.</p>
  42.  
  43.     <p>The <code class="directive"><a href="#redirect">Redirect</a></code>
  44.     directives are used to instruct clients to make a new request with
  45.     a different URL. They are often used when a resource has moved to
  46.     a new location.</p>
  47. </div>
  48. <div id="quickview"><h3 class="directives">Directives</h3>
  49. <ul id="toc">
  50. <li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#alias">Alias</a></li>
  51. <li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#aliasmatch">AliasMatch</a></li>
  52. <li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#redirect">Redirect</a></li>
  53. <li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#redirectmatch">RedirectMatch</a></li>
  54. <li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#redirectpermanent">RedirectPermanent</a></li>
  55. <li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#redirecttemp">RedirectTemp</a></li>
  56. <li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#scriptalias">ScriptAlias</a></li>
  57. <li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#scriptaliasmatch">ScriptAliasMatch</a></li>
  58. </ul>
  59. <h3>See also</h3>
  60. <ul class="seealso">
  61. <li><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_rewrite.html">mod_rewrite</a></code></li>
  62. <li><a href="../urlmapping.html">Mapping URLs to the filesystem</a></li>
  63. </ul></div>
  64.  
  65. <div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
  66. <div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="Alias" id="Alias">Alias</a> <a name="alias" id="alias">Directive</a></h2>
  67. <table class="directive">
  68. <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Maps URLs to filesystem locations</td></tr>
  69. <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>Alias <var>URL-path</var>
  70. <var>file-path</var>|<var>directory-path</var></code></td></tr>
  71. <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config, virtual host</td></tr>
  72. <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Base</td></tr>
  73. <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_alias</td></tr>
  74. </table>
  75.  
  76.     <p>The <code class="directive">Alias</code> directive allows documents to
  77.     be stored in the local filesystem other than under the 
  78.     <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#documentroot">DocumentRoot</a></code>. URLs with a
  79.     (%-decoded) path beginning with <var>url-path</var> will be mapped
  80.     to local files beginning with <var>directory-path</var>.</p>
  81.  
  82.     <div class="example"><h3>Example:</h3><p><code>
  83.       Alias /image /ftp/pub/image
  84.     </code></p></div>
  85.  
  86.     <p>A request for http://myserver/image/foo.gif would cause the
  87.     server to return the file /ftp/pub/image/foo.gif.</p>
  88.  
  89.     <p>Note that if you include a trailing / on the
  90.     <var>url-path</var> then the server will require a trailing / in
  91.     order to expand the alias. That is, if you use <code>Alias
  92.     /icons/ /usr/local/apache/icons/</code> then the url
  93.     <code>/icons</code> will not be aliased.</p>
  94.  
  95.     <p>Note that you may need to specify additional <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#directory"><Directory></a></code> sections which
  96.     cover the <em>destination</em> of aliases.  Aliasing occurs before
  97.     <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#directory"><Directory></a></code> sections
  98.     are checked, so only the destination of aliases are affected.
  99.     (Note however <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#location"><Location></a></code>
  100.     sections are run through once before aliases are performed, so
  101.     they will apply.)</p>
  102.  
  103.     <p>In particular, if you are creating an <code>Alias</code> to a
  104.     directory outside of your <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#documentroot">DocumentRoot</a></code>, you may need to explicitly
  105.     permit access to the target directory.</p>
  106.  
  107.     <div class="example"><h3>Example:</h3><p><code>
  108.         Alias /image /ftp/pub/image<br />
  109.         <Directory /ftp/pub/image><br />
  110.         <span class="indent">
  111.             Order allow,deny<br />
  112.             Allow from all<br />
  113.         </span>
  114.         </Directory>
  115.     </code></p></div>
  116.  
  117.  
  118. </div>
  119. <div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
  120. <div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="AliasMatch" id="AliasMatch">AliasMatch</a> <a name="aliasmatch" id="aliasmatch">Directive</a></h2>
  121. <table class="directive">
  122. <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Maps URLs to filesystem locations using regular 
  123. expressions</td></tr>
  124. <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>AliasMatch <var>regex</var>
  125. <var>file-path</var>|<var>directory-path</var></code></td></tr>
  126. <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config, virtual host</td></tr>
  127. <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Base</td></tr>
  128. <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_alias</td></tr>
  129. </table>
  130.     <p>This directive is equivalent to <code class="directive"><a href="#alias">Alias</a></code>, but makes use of standard
  131.     regular expressions, instead of simple prefix matching. The
  132.     supplied regular expression is matched against the URL-path, and
  133.     if it matches, the server will substitute any parenthesized
  134.     matches into the given string and use it as a filename. For
  135.     example, to activate the <code>/icons</code> directory, one might
  136.     use:</p>
  137.  
  138.     <div class="example"><p><code>
  139.       AliasMatch ^/icons(.*) /usr/local/apache/icons$1
  140.     </code></p></div>
  141.  
  142. </div>
  143. <div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
  144. <div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="Redirect" id="Redirect">Redirect</a> <a name="redirect" id="redirect">Directive</a></h2>
  145. <table class="directive">
  146. <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Sends an external redirect asking the client to fetch
  147. a different URL</td></tr>
  148. <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>Redirect [<var>status</var>] <var>URL-path</var>
  149. <var>URL</var></code></td></tr>
  150. <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config, virtual host, directory, .htaccess</td></tr>
  151. <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Override">Override:</a></th><td>FileInfo</td></tr>
  152. <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Base</td></tr>
  153. <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_alias</td></tr>
  154. </table>
  155.     <p>The Redirect directive maps an old URL into a new one. The
  156.     new URL is returned to the client which attempts to fetch it
  157.     again with the new address. <var>URL-path</var> a (%-decoded)
  158.     path; any requests for documents beginning with this path will
  159.     be returned a redirect error to a new (%-encoded) URL beginning
  160.     with <var>URL</var>.</p>
  161.  
  162.     <div class="example"><h3>Example:</h3><p><code>
  163.       Redirect /service http://foo2.bar.com/service
  164.     </code></p></div>
  165.  
  166.     <p>If the client requests http://myserver/service/foo.txt, it
  167.     will be told to access http://foo2.bar.com/service/foo.txt
  168.     instead.</p>
  169.  
  170. <div class="note"><h3>Note</h3> <p>Redirect directives take precedence over
  171. Alias and ScriptAlias directives, irrespective of their ordering in
  172. the configuration file. Also, <var>URL-path</var> must be an absolute
  173. path, not a relative path, even when used with .htaccess files or
  174. inside of <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#directory"><Directory></a></code>
  175. sections.</p></div>
  176.  
  177.     <p>If no <var>status</var> argument is given, the redirect will
  178.     be "temporary" (HTTP status 302). This indicates to the client
  179.     that the resource has moved temporarily. The <var>status</var>
  180.     argument can be used to return other HTTP status codes:</p>
  181.  
  182.     <dl>
  183.       <dt>permanent</dt>
  184.  
  185.       <dd>Returns a permanent redirect status (301) indicating that
  186.       the resource has moved permanently.</dd>
  187.  
  188.       <dt>temp</dt>
  189.  
  190.       <dd>Returns a temporary redirect status (302). This is the
  191.       default.</dd>
  192.  
  193.       <dt>seeother</dt>
  194.  
  195.       <dd>Returns a "See Other" status (303) indicating that the
  196.       resource has been replaced.</dd>
  197.  
  198.       <dt>gone</dt>
  199.  
  200.       <dd>Returns a "Gone" status (410) indicating that the
  201.       resource has been permanently removed. When this status is
  202.       used the <var>URL</var> argument should be omitted.</dd>
  203.     </dl>
  204.  
  205.     <p>Other status codes can be returned by giving the numeric
  206.     status code as the value of <var>status</var>. If the status is
  207.     between 300 and 399, the <var>URL</var> argument must be present,
  208.     otherwise it must be omitted. Note that the status must be
  209.     known to the Apache code (see the function
  210.     <code>send_error_response</code> in http_protocol.c).</p>
  211.  
  212.     <div class="example"><h3>Example:</h3><p><code>
  213.       Redirect permanent /one http://example.com/two<br />
  214.       Redirect 303 /three http://example.com/other
  215.     </code></p></div>
  216.  
  217.  
  218. </div>
  219. <div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
  220. <div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="RedirectMatch" id="RedirectMatch">RedirectMatch</a> <a name="redirectmatch" id="redirectmatch">Directive</a></h2>
  221. <table class="directive">
  222. <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Sends an external redirect based on a regular expression match 
  223. of the current URL</td></tr>
  224. <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>RedirectMatch [<var>status</var>] <var>regex</var>
  225. <var>URL</var></code></td></tr>
  226. <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config, virtual host, directory, .htaccess</td></tr>
  227. <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Override">Override:</a></th><td>FileInfo</td></tr>
  228. <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Base</td></tr>
  229. <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_alias</td></tr>
  230. </table>
  231.     <p>This directive is equivalent to <code class="directive"><a href="#redirect">Redirect</a></code>, but makes use of standard
  232.     regular expressions, instead of simple prefix matching. The
  233.     supplied regular expression is matched against the URL-path, and
  234.     if it matches, the server will substitute any parenthesized
  235.     matches into the given string and use it as a filename. For
  236.     example, to redirect all GIF files to like-named JPEG files on
  237.     another server, one might use:</p>
  238.  
  239.     <div class="example"><p><code>
  240.       RedirectMatch (.*)\.gif$ http://www.anotherserver.com$1.jpg
  241.     </code></p></div>
  242.  
  243. </div>
  244. <div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
  245. <div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="RedirectPermanent" id="RedirectPermanent">RedirectPermanent</a> <a name="redirectpermanent" id="redirectpermanent">Directive</a></h2>
  246. <table class="directive">
  247. <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Sends an external permanent redirect asking the client to fetch
  248. a different URL</td></tr>
  249. <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>RedirectPermanent <var>URL-path</var> <var>URL</var></code></td></tr>
  250. <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config, virtual host, directory, .htaccess</td></tr>
  251. <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Override">Override:</a></th><td>FileInfo</td></tr>
  252. <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Base</td></tr>
  253. <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_alias</td></tr>
  254. </table>
  255.     <p>This directive makes the client know that the Redirect is
  256.     permanent (status 301). Exactly equivalent to <code>Redirect
  257.     permanent</code>.</p>
  258.  
  259. </div>
  260. <div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
  261. <div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="RedirectTemp" id="RedirectTemp">RedirectTemp</a> <a name="redirecttemp" id="redirecttemp">Directive</a></h2>
  262. <table class="directive">
  263. <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Sends an external temporary redirect asking the client to fetch
  264. a different URL</td></tr>
  265. <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>RedirectTemp <var>URL-path</var> <var>URL</var></code></td></tr>
  266. <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config, virtual host, directory, .htaccess</td></tr>
  267. <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Override">Override:</a></th><td>FileInfo</td></tr>
  268. <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Base</td></tr>
  269. <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_alias</td></tr>
  270. </table>
  271.     <p>This directive makes the client know that the Redirect is
  272.     only temporary (status 302). Exactly equivalent to
  273.     <code>Redirect temp</code>.</p>
  274.  
  275. </div>
  276. <div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
  277. <div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="ScriptAlias" id="ScriptAlias">ScriptAlias</a> <a name="scriptalias" id="scriptalias">Directive</a></h2>
  278. <table class="directive">
  279. <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Maps a URL to a filesystem location and designates the
  280. target as a CGI script</td></tr>
  281. <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>ScriptAlias <var>URL-path</var>
  282. <var>file-path</var>|<var>directory-path</var></code></td></tr>
  283. <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config, virtual host</td></tr>
  284. <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Base</td></tr>
  285. <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_alias</td></tr>
  286. </table>
  287.     <p>The <code class="directive">ScriptAlias</code> directive has the same
  288.     behavior as the <code class="directive"><a href="#alias">Alias</a></code>
  289.     directive, except that in addition it marks the target directory
  290.     as containing CGI scripts that will be processed by <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_cgi.html">mod_cgi</a></code>'s cgi-script handler. URLs with a
  291.     (%-decoded) path beginning with <var>URL-path</var> will be mapped
  292.     to scripts beginning with the second argument which is a full
  293.     pathname in the local filesystem.</p>
  294.  
  295.     <div class="example"><h3>Example:</h3><p><code>
  296.       ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ /web/cgi-bin/
  297.     </code></p></div>
  298.  
  299.     <p>A request for <code>http://myserver/cgi-bin/foo</code> would cause the
  300.     server to run the script <code>/web/cgi-bin/foo</code>.</p>
  301.  
  302. </div>
  303. <div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
  304. <div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="ScriptAliasMatch" id="ScriptAliasMatch">ScriptAliasMatch</a> <a name="scriptaliasmatch" id="scriptaliasmatch">Directive</a></h2>
  305. <table class="directive">
  306. <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Maps a URL to a filesystem location using a regular expression
  307. and designates the target as a CGI script</td></tr>
  308. <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>ScriptAliasMatch <var>regex</var>
  309. <var>file-path</var>|<var>directory-path</var></code></td></tr>
  310. <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config, virtual host</td></tr>
  311. <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Base</td></tr>
  312. <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_alias</td></tr>
  313. </table>
  314.     <p>This directive is equivalent to <code class="directive"><a href="#scriptalias">ScriptAlias</a></code>, but makes use of standard
  315.     regular expressions, instead of simple prefix matching. The
  316.     supplied regular expression is matched against the URL-path,
  317.     and if it matches, the server will substitute any parenthesized
  318.     matches into the given string and use it as a filename. For
  319.     example, to activate the standard <code>/cgi-bin</code>, one
  320.     might use:</p>
  321.  
  322.     <div class="example"><p><code>
  323.       ScriptAliasMatch ^/cgi-bin(.*) /usr/local/apache/cgi-bin$1
  324.     </code></p></div>
  325.  
  326. </div>
  327. </div>
  328. <div class="bottomlang">
  329. <p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../en/mod/mod_alias.html" title="English"> en </a> |
  330. <a href="../ja/mod/mod_alias.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese"> ja </a></p>
  331. </div><div id="footer">
  332. <p class="apache">Maintained by the <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs-project/">Apache HTTP Server Documentation Project</a></p>
  333. <p class="menu"><a href="../mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="../mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="../faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="../glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="../sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p></div>
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